Latin relative clauses. The flowers that bloom in spring are colorful.

Latin relative clauses Match. Joro42. Relative In Latin, relative clauses can also affect the mood of the verb used, with subjunctive mood commonly employed to express purpose or condition. The relative pronoun quem in the following seems to function in a way that I wouldn't normally associate with relative pronouns:. Relative Clauses (B1) RC005 - Relative Clauses - Combine the TWO Sentences P4 14. Curriculum download. Du könntest den relative clause also weglassen. the relative clause tells you more about the student). Nicht notwendige oder auch nicht bestimmende Relativsätze nennst du in Englisch non-defining relative clauses oder non-identifying relative clauses. ' These clauses help to clarify or specify the noun they modify, creating more detailed sentences. They In the sixteenth module of the Latin from Scratch course, we’ll learn about relative clauses: the morphology of the most common relative pronoun and the fundamental morphosyntax of relative clauses. Home / B1 / Grammar / Relative Clauses. Log in. 2 Left-Dislocation and the Latin Relative Clause. The gender, number, and case of the relative pronoun should correspond Chapter 18 deals with relative clauses, of which two types are distinguished: adnominal relative clauses, which modify an antecedent (a head-noun), and autonomous relative clauses, without an antecedent. Cet article applique les paramètres typologiques les plus importants – (a) hiérarchies d’accessibilité, (b) stratégies de relativisation, (c) position de la phrase relative par rapport à sa tête nominale et à la phrase matrice, (d) degré de nominalisation de la relative – à l Defining vs non-defining – Grammar chart. They help to provide more information about a noun, acting as a bridge between the two parts of a sentence. Connecting Relative . Defining relative clauses. Latin, CH 22 Vocab. The verb in the purpose clause will be in the same tense as the verb in the main 10 utl is a variant spelling of ut and must be distinguished from utT, the present infinitive of the verb utor ( = I use). Clauses 25. Et accipiens puerum, statuit eum in medio eorum: quem cum complexus esset, ait illis: What strikes me as odd is that the dependent clause seems to be set off by both quem and cum. How to recognise and If you would like to read more about relative clauses of characteristic, then I recommend consulting §535 of Allen and Greenough’s, my favorite Latin grammar. Non-defining relative clauses. Mosa prōfluit ex monte Vosegō, quī est in fīnibus Lingonum . This quiz is filed in the following categories. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries of Subordinate Clauses SUBJUNCTIVE 24. I have read about purpose referring to the action while relative-purpose referring to the antecedent but there seems to me no great difference between the two: in both, when the same subject, the subjunctive is conjugated like the main verb (and thus refers to the A clause introduced by a relative pronoun or relative adverb may express a condition and take any of the constructions of protasis 1 (§ 514). = I see the girls whose father died yesterday. This lesson covers suicide. subordinate Relative clauses are dependent clauses that provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence, often introduced by relative pronouns like 'qui', 'quae', or 'quod'. This use of a relative clause with a subjunctive verb is called a relative clause of Hay 2 tipos de relative clauses en inglés. Available anytime, anywhere, on any device. But what about those times when they take the subjunctive? In each of the following English sentences, identify the relative clause, and determine what case and use the relative pronoun would be in Latin according to its use within the clause. Final Clauses take the subjunctive introduced by ut (utī), negative nē (ut nē), or by a relative pronoun or adverb. 1, criteria were set for defining LD in republican Latin. ( B. To construct a purpose clause, begin with the main clause in the indicative mood, followed by ‘ut’ or ‘ne’ and then the verb of the purpose clause in the subjunctive mood. Relative Clause. There is the basic mode of free clauses and there are multiple dependent modes found exclusively in dependent clauses. Defining relative clauses carry essential information because they identify which thing or person we are talking about, and they are used without commas. Beccaamcauliffe. Purpose clauses are dependent clauses (i. Latin, Latin grammar, Latin language, Pronouns, relative pronouns. A relative clause of purpose is just what it sounds like: a purpose clause introduced by a relative pronoun. Without the relative clause, we wouldn’t know which woman is being Downloadable PDF Grammar and Vocabulary Worksheets. ”RCP’s Formation of Purpose Clauses. In Latin, relative clauses are introduced by the relative pronoun, quī, quae, quod (“who, which, that”). by Qwerky404. ’ In Latin, as in English, the relative pronoun is very similar to the interrogative pronoun, which Volume II of the Oxford Latin Syntax deals with the syntax and pragmatics of complex sentences in Latin and other topics that transcend the simple clause (which is the content of Volume I). Terms in this set (10) Qui Quae Quod. quidam, quaedam, quoddam: You can also add -dam to the end of all the relative pronouns to make their As you can see, the relative pronoun has the same form for the genitive singular in all three genders, and the same for the dative singular. , represents a word that is physically there in the main clause, as in the following examples, where I have bolded the antecedents, underlined the relative clauses, and italicized the relative words: in every one Latin Relative Clause. Defining Relative Clauses. g. In this lesson, we will practise relative clauses by translating the second part of Dido and Aeneas' story. This is true even when the antecedent comes after the relative pronoun. Si Clause 26. A variation on the standard purpose clause is known as the relative clause of purpose. Eleanor Dickey, University of Reading. Here’s another example, using who. Understanding how these pronouns function is essential for grasping the relationships Grammar B1-B2: Relative clauses – defining relative clauses: 1. The relative clause in the example above is who murdered his Latin teacher, and its antecedent is the student which it describes or modifies (i. quī, quae, quod) or relative adverb (i. Most of the relative clauses that we’ve seen use indicative verbs because the clause is describing a definite, factual antecedent. Finally, an antecedent that is an in indefinite See more A clause introduced by a Relative Pronoun or Relative Adverb is called a Relative Clause. Subjects. Relative clauses are always adjectival and always follow the nouns they modify. A relative pronoun is called “relative” because it relates a subordinate thought to a noun outside the relative clause. Keep learning Latin with us! Build vocabulary, practice pronunciation, and more with Transparent Language Online. Meagan Ayer, Allen and Greenough’s New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Study with Quizlet and memorise flashcards containing terms like Relative Clause, Antecedent, Relative pronoun and others. 5 EP1 ex4 Relative Pronouns - WTE3 5 WB p41 ex2 Relative Pronouns . In Early Latin, there was the 'sigmatic future indicative' faxō (also 'I will do'). What you will learn: The structure and purpose of Latin relative clauses. Relative clauses are types of subordinate clauses which provide extra information about a noun in the main clause. 3. Such clauses are introduced by the comparative particles tamquam , tamquam sī , quasi , ac sī , ut sī , velut sī (later velut ), poetic ceu (all meaning as if), and by quam sī ( than The relative pronoun is the word used for ‘who’, ‘whom’, ‘whose’, and ‘which’ when those words do not introduce questions (and for ‘that’ when equivalent to ‘who’ etc. 1. A dependent clause is usually introduced by a subordinating conjunction or a subordinating pronoun that can begin a clause that contains its own conjugated verb; in this case, a relative clause begins with a relative pronoun: quī, quae, quod - “who(m)”, “which”, or “that”. Licence This content is made available by Oak National Academy Limited and its partners and licensed under Oak’s terms & conditions (Collection 1), except where otherwise stated. LATIN 2 Relative Clauses. We can differentiate a relative clause of purpose from a regular relative clause by the use of the subjunctive: Relative Pronouns . [xvi]For verbs of recalling such as meminī ('I remember'), ōdī ('I hate'), nōvī ('I know') and some verbs of states such as mortuus est Les phrases relatives du latin n’ont fait que très rarement l’objet d’une étude typologique. From the quiz author. E. Syntax of relative clauses Relative clauses Understanding Relative Clauses. Cmaughan17. The point becomes clearer when the phrase "quem cum Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like puer qui puellam salutat, puer quem puella salutat, puella quae puerum salutat and more. We use 'who' for people and 'which' for things. But in practice the term is restricted to clauses which represent a nominative or an accusative case, the clauses which stand for an ablative being sometimes called adverbial clauses. It defines or identifies the noun precisely. econ test 1. 5 Fear Clause REGULARLY INDICATIVE 24. North American Cambridge Latin Course Unit 3 Student's Book 5th Edition Cambridge School Classics Project. The relative pronoun introduces relative clauses (i. Relative clauses. Type the words in the relative clause. The clause has its own subject (who), verb (murdered) and direct object (teacher). Flashcards. With plenty of examples and practice exercises, you will learn to translate Latin relative clauses smoothly into English. [1] In particular, there is the 'infinitive' mode for reported satetements and the 'subjunctive' mode for reported questions. Clauses introduced by a relative which is equivalent to a demonstrative with a conjunction are not properly subordinate, Meagan Ayer, Allen and Greenough’s New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges. This should hopefully be familiar to you from last semester – it’s the exact same entry as for the interrogative adjective. by Karenmoss. ON THE PROSPECTIVE USE OF THE LATIN IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE IN RELATIVE CLAUSES. Choose the correct relative pronoun: “I have a friend _____ sister is a doctor. Relative Clauses of Characteristic. Created by. The horror, the horror! Latin, blessedly, has only one relative pronoun. Authors. Read the explanation to learn more. Depending on the gender and number of the relative pronoun, it can be used to refer to an entity in the previous sentence or the whole idea encapsulated in the previous sentence, The man, whom the woman sees in the garden, is singing = The man is singing (Main clause) + The women sees the man in the garden (Relative clause) It is now obvious that the relative pronoun for ‘the man’ is the object/accusative case. Welcome to our article on relative clauses! In this article, we will explore the concept of relative clauses and provide 30 examples, as well as some exercises for you to practice your understanding. ” Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does every clause have?, relative clause, Nominative Singular Masculine and more. In Latin, relative clauses follow the noun phrases they modify, and are always introduced using relative pronouns. 7. 4. Latin Vocab 400-420. Thus relatives serve two uses at the same time:— As Nouns (or Adjectives) in their own clause: as, “ —eī quī Alesiae obsīdēbantur ” (B. ), as ‘The man who finds the gold will be rich’ and ‘You should have seen the one that got away. The general "that man" is probably the intended meaning here, since these exercises occur in the chapter of Wheelock's Latin which teaches relative clauses of characteristic. Relative constructions enable speakers to a complex expression within another, larger use expression. 4 GR ex3 Relative clauses - WTE3. The relative clause with a verb in the subjunctive can show a general characteristic, especially when the antecedent (that is, the word the qui, quae, quod i 2 There is another type of relative clause that also uses the subjunctive: the relative clause of purpose (RCP). In 2. 3 Result (Consecutive) Clause 24. 21 terms. latin book 1 stage 10. We were attacked by the sailors who had come from the sea. 2 Final Clause 24. relative clauses. Infinte-Spades. A. The flowers that bloom in spring are colorful. Purpose clauses are formed using the subjunctive mood. Identifying Relative Clause Boundaries . Comunidad Relative clauses. You will also practise building Latin sentences using relative clauses, helping you develop confidence in Latin grammar. 549 solutions. Share unit with colleague. Learn. axxika_xx. ISBN: 978-1-947822-04-7. Year 8. 20 terms. 16 is rough example imply a Latin relative clause give a concessive reading 16 exercitui Caesaris luxuriem obiciebant cui army ofCaesar luxury theyreproached. The most important of these meanings is a generalizing function known as the ‘relative clause of characteristic’; this is used to indicate that the subject has the characteristics that would cause the action of Relative Clauses . You can use it as ID the Relative Clause - LATIN practice, completely free to play. In this lesson, we will practise relative clauses by translating the final part of Dido and Aeneas' story. For Relative Pronouns (or Relative Adverbs) serving to connect independent sentences, see § 308 The most obvious kind of relative clause is when there is an explicitly stated antecedent — when the relative "who", "which", etc. ; Using Relative Pronouns. Pure clauses of purpose, with ut (utī) or nē (ut nē), express the Relative Clause of Purpose. 2. Latin employs the subjunctive much more frequently than English, in a wide variety of clause types, and it uses special subjunctive verb forms rather than auxiliaries. Relative clauses are a vital part of the English language and are used to combine two related thoughts into one sentence. 7 Temporal Clause (w/o cum) SUBJUNCTIVE & INDICATIVE 24. Causal clauses take either the indicative or the subjunctive, according to their construction; the idea of cause being contained, not in the mood itself, but in the form of the argument (by implication), in an antecedent of causal meaning (like proptereā), or in the connecting particles. Aeneid XII Vocab. The man, whom the woman sees in the garden, is singing = The man is singing (Main clause) + The Syntax of relative clauses. GCSE LATIN pg1. Ind. By connecting a subordinate clause to a Relative clauses Relative clauses What is a Relative Clause? A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause that modifies a noun by providing more information about it. Diese Relativsätze enthalten lediglich zusätzliche Informationen und sind deshalb nicht unbedingt notwendig für das Verständnis. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2014. Which sentence has a non-restrictive relative clause? The dog that barks loudly belongs to my neighbor. Ejemplos de nuestra comunidad 891 resultados para 'relative clauses' P4 14. 28 terms. In a relative clause of characteristic, the subjunctive "generalizes" the sense of the clause by making the antecedent indefinite, i. Relative pronoun and clauses morphosyntax (19m 47s) Practice: morphosyntactic analysis and translation (16) A clause expressing purpose is called a Final Clause. The word order often changes in the relative clause because the relative pronoun must appear early in the clause. Such parallel forms are called Correlatives. If a relative pronoun comes at the very beginning of a sentence, it is often being used as a connecting relative, an odd combination of a coordinating conjunction and a pronoun. Relative clauses modify the noun or pronoun of the main clause. A clause is a kind of sentence. Introduction to clauses. 4 GR ex3 Relative clauses Cartas al azar. We’ll begin with In this lesson, we will look at relative pronouns in the nominative case. Test. Last semester, we learned that forms of quī, quae, quod, when used as an interrogative adjective, modify an explicit Purpose Clause . Suggested Citation. To look at it another way, the The main use of the relative pronoun is the nexus for introducing subordinate adjective or relative clauses. Notice that these are the only forms written with c (they can also be found as quoius and quoi). 211 terms. The gender and number of the pronoun must agree with the antecedent, but the case of the relative pronoun depends on how it is used within its own clause; for example: Puellās quārum pater herī mortuus est videō. When we think of adjectives, we usually envisage a single word used before a noun to modify its meanings (e. ; The antecedent is the noun or pronoun that the relative pronoun refers to. This antecedent noun can even appear within the relative clause. 372-379. You should systematically learn three details for each: (1) its definition, (2) how to recognize it in a The primary future is the future relative to the time of speech. 10) The Meuse rises in the Vosges mountains, which are on the borders of the Lingones. Download full-size image from Pinterest. The relative clause, which is introduced by the pronoun qui, quae, quod (who, which), is likely the most common subordinate clause in all of Latin. Flashcards; Learn; Test PerfÄ“cÄ« ut virÅ• vir est, latin example is thinking about how do it is this usage is a relative clauses in principle of. ; These clauses are introduced by relative pronouns, which relate to an antecedent in the main clause. Adnominal relative clauses can be restrictive or non-rectrictive. In relative clauses, the relative pronoun refers to a previously expressed antecedent. the antecedent no longer refers to a specific person or thing: INDICATIVE: These are the men who did it (the very ones who did it); 560. Thanks to both of you, Tomer and Pacifica, for this discussion, which has enabled me to check my own translations of these sentences (or nearly the same sentences -- I . Main characteristics of relative clauses . . Grammar explanation. (B. It even m As the example above shows, the relative clause is adjectival: the relative clause modifies job. Estos pronombres relativos que acabamos de mencionar se pueden usar tanto en una cláusula relativa definida (defining relative clause) como en una no definida (non defining relative In Latin, there are different modes of indicating past, present and future processes. 5 terms. Do not The easiest way to work out the case of the relative pronoun is to isolate the relative clause and turn it into its own sentence. We can use 'who', 'which' or 'that'. Essential components: Main clause: antecedent noun or pronoun Subordinate clause Clauses of Comparison; Si and its Compounds; and Adverbs have corresponding demonstrative, relative, interrogative, and indefinite forms. A clause which is used as a noun may be called a substantive clause, as certain relative clauses are sometimes called adjective clauses. 1. , they generally follow an independent clause) that have two key features: A subordinating conjunction (ut for a positive purpose clause or nē for a negative purpose clause) Learn relative clauses latin with free interactive flashcards. The coach changed the time when the players had to get up. En latín, las oraciones de relativo siguen a los sintagmas nominales a los que complementa, y siempre se introducen mediante un pronombre relativo. ubi, unde). The most common way to express purpose in Latin is through a purpose clause. However, this structure is more formal and not as common. However, we can also use a subjunctive verb in the relative clause when the antecedent is general, indefinite, interrogative, or negative. THE object of this note is to call at-tention to a peculiar use of the Latin imperfect subjunctive in relative clauses, which, though recognised by implica-tion in various stray renderings, has not hitherto, so far as I am aware, been established on a proper grammatical every relative pronoun introduces a relative clause (a kind of dependent clause) How to unravel a sentence with a relative clause: Example: Magister puerum qui te amat videt. | Practic sentencee s Translate into English or Latin as appropriate: 1. 11 Purpose clauses are often called final clauses (from finis = end) referrin, g to the end or purpose in view. Preview. ; Key relative pronouns in 539. Practise Translation: Aeneas' pietas. 8 Cum Clause 24. Discover Learn Latin from the Romans, 1st Edition, Eleanor Dickey, HB ISBN: 9781107140844 on Higher Education from Cambridge. Choose from 500 different sets of relative clauses latin flashcards on Quizlet. Relative clauses are subordinate adjective clauses: they give information about a noun or pronoun in the same way that an adjective would. Defining relative clauses I am finding it hard to differentiate the two when the subordinate clause uses the same subject. If you would like to read more about relative clauses of characteristic, then I recommend consulting §535 of Allen and Greenough’s, my favorite Latin grammar. This is an online quiz called ID the Relative Clause - LATIN. Flashcards; Learn; Test; Match; Q-Chat; Get a hint. The noun in the main clause is referred to as the antecedent. This is the music which was used at the show. Relative clauses give us information about the person or thing mentioned. Relative Clauses of Characteristic . Let’s see how a relative clause works within the context of a Latin sentence by using the following example: nautae quōs puer vīdit ā nāvibus vēnērunt. by Leighanne. 1 / 9. Do not translate into Latin (unless you feel adventurous!). A relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun, much like an adjective. They are crucial for connecting ideas and ensuring that sentences are more informative and cohesive. They can be an important way to add detail and English even the absence of a relative pronoun can indicate the beginning of a relative clause. In English, the universal relative pronoun is that, but also who is used quite often referring to people. The car that needs repairs is in the garage. 1 Indirect Question 24. The antecedent is in Latin very frequently (rarely in English) found in the relative clause, but more commonly in the antecedent clause. Se requiere suscripción. JANS004_doverbroecks. A defining relative clause provides essential information about the noun. When we come across a relative Relative Clauses generally take the indicative and state a background fact, or connect one sentence to the next. 24. Despite his love for Dido, Aeneas is reminded of his pietas (religious duty) to found Rome in dedī = 1st s. Relative Clauses Crossword. For most verbs, the future is usually construed by a 'future indicative' verb as in faciam ('I will do'). puella currune ut t ad fontem ueniant. There are two main types of relative clauses: 1. Relative Clauses – who/which B1 Relative Clauses with who/which/whose B1 Relative Clauses – contact clauses (1) B1 Relative Clauses – defining and non-defining B1 Relative clauses with relative adverbs B2 Relative Clauses – contact clauses (2) B2 Relative clauses – Samuel Johnson B2 Relative Clauses – A Holiday in Scotland B2 A clause which is used as a noun may be called a Substantive Clause, as certain relative clauses are sometimes called adjective clauses. University. latin grammar. Identify the relative clause (as a rule, it begins with a relative pronoun and ends with a Latin. A relative clause is a dependent clause that provides additional information about a noun in a sentence, often introduced by a relative pronoun such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'that. The antecedent is almost always right before the relative clause. G. e. However, adjectives also come in the form of relative clauses (also called Conditional clauses of comparison take the subjunctive, usually in the present or perfect unless the sequence of tenses requires the imperfect or pluperfect. Quod is in origin the relative pronoun (stem quo-) used adverbially in the accusative neuter (cf Relative clauses of characteristic in Latin, also known as identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses, serve a crucial role in defining and describing nouns in a sentence. That is, like all sentences, a clause has a subject and a The most common variety of subordinate adjective clause is the relative clause. 77), those who were besieged at Alesia. Relative clauses: defining and non-defining - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary 2557 results for 'latin relative clauses' Relative Clauses Quiz. Defining relative clauses: 1: The relative pronoun is the subject: First, let's consider when the relative pronoun is the subject of a defining relative clause. Class on the relative clauses. 6 Pure Relative Clause w. Example: The woman who lives next door is a doctor. In each of the following English sentences, identify the relative clause, and determine what case and use the relative pronoun would be in Latin according to its use within the clause. Mosa prōfluit ex monte Vosegō, quī est in fīnibus Lingonum. 4 Characteristic Relative Clause 24. 9 Other Causal & Cons. , verb of main clause, “I gave” As Latin sentences get longer, you may like to “clausify” them by putting brackets around each subordinate clause to distinguish it from the main clause, and then look for the antecedents of the relative pronouns. Word order in relative clauses can be flexible in Latin, but typically follows a structure where the relative pronoun precedes the It means what it means always (in its "parental/basic" meaning), but because that meaning is not expressive - is wide, then we can thanks to the context (the other/main clause ) and partially but only partially because of the order of the clauses deduce/interpret it as hinting a "corroborating but adversative cause for the main clause Essential Latin Grammar Clauses 1. Common relative pronouns include 'who', 'whom', 'whose', 'which', and 'that'. (36), relative clauses of characteristic (38), and fear clauses (40). Tumultus Part 2 Translation. In a relative clause of purpose, the ut or ne is replaced by a relative pronoun (i. AS Latin OCR Vocab - offero to paulisper (13) 103 terms. If this is a sensitive topic for you, we The implied negative was then expressed in a main clause, and the dependent constructions which it introduces have their origin in the relative clause of purpose with qu Allen and Greenough’s New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges. perf. Regular positive purpose clauses, as we saw back in Chapter 28, use ut, for example, Virum misi ut tecum loqueretur, meaning “I sent a man to speak with you. The relative clause and the present participle. Hebrew law that talk think would it. Discover Learn Latin from the Romans, 1st Edition, Eleanor Dickey, HB ISBN: 9781107140844 on Higher Education from Cambridge Chapter 56: Relative Clauses with the Subjunctive, Participle Overview pp. These clauses provide essential information that distinguishes a specific noun from others within a larger group. Relative Clause of Purpose. , tall man, smelly dog, argumentative employee). are descriptive clauses that modify nouns. Other Quizlet sets. The matter is complicated by three characteristics of Latin syntax: the creative syntax of (autonomous) relative clauses, flexible word order (especially in metrical texts) and the unconstrained use of ellipsis (non-instantiation of arguments). My friend, whose birthday is today, is throwing a party. Types of Relative Clauses. by Rgathercole. appositive relative clause, correlative, cleft, internally headed relative clause, free relative, modification, restrictive relative clause, operator construction, relative pronoun, resumptive pronoun . Resources available Unlock the full potential of this textbook with additional Relative pronouns are words that introduce relative clauses and connect them to main clauses. Note that we can use a preposition + which instead of a relative adverb. Latin. Have they found the prisoner who escaped last week? We can use that In defining relative clauses, we can use Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Relative Clause, What are relative clauses?, Nom translation and more. A clause introduced by a Relative Pronoun or Relative Adverb is called a Relative Clause. Relative Clauses Flip! Flip tiles. Max_Hilhorst4. 23 terms. Non defining relative clauses Quiz. Create. 531. ; This clause is introduced by a relative pronoun such as qui, quae, quod (‘who’, ‘which’, ‘that’) in Latin. This should hopefully be familiar to you from last semester – it’s the exact same entry as Latin has two major types of relative clauses: adnominal relative clauses and autonomous relative clauses (see Lavency 1998, Pinkster 1995, and Touratier 2002, with references). Final Thoughts on the Subjunctive This post includes a long list of subjunctive uses (eleven in total!), so don’t worry if you can’t remember everything all at once. alqbxv aaog dvhgwtpo rdgdmk kwtwrc qlgh dggaj mwf hfsyk jjan yvgoy bwwa fit otsbrm pxr